Ignatius' six companions were: Francisco Xavier from Navarre ( modern Spain), Alfonso Salmeron, Diego Laínez, Nicolás Bobadilla from Castile ( modern Spain), Peter Faber from Savoy, and Simão Rodrigues from Portugal. On 15 August 1534, Ignatius of Loyola (born Íñigo López de Loyola), a Spaniard from the Basque city of Loyola, and six others mostly of Castilian origin, all students at the University of Paris, met in Montmartre outside Paris, in a crypt beneath the church of Saint Denis, now Saint Pierre de Montmartre, to pronounce promises of poverty, chastity, and obedience. Ignatius's plan of the order's organization was approved by Pope Paul III in 1540 by a bull containing the "Formula of the Institute". In 1534, Ignatius and six other young men, including Francis Xavier and Peter Faber, gathered and professed promises of poverty, chastity, and later obedience, including a special vow of obedience to the pope in matters of mission direction and assignment. He composed the Spiritual Exercises to help others follow the teachings of Jesus Christ.
Ignatius of Loyola, a Basque nobleman from the Pyrenees area of northern Spain, founded the society after discerning his spiritual vocation while recovering from a wound sustained in the Battle of Pamplona. 12.2 Social and development institutions.
The society participated in the Counter-Reformation and, later, in the implementation of the Second Vatican Council. Jesuits are thus sometimes referred to colloquially as "God's soldiers", "God's marines", or "the Company". Accordingly, the opening lines of the founding document declared that the society was founded for "whoever desires to serve as a soldier of God, to strive especially for the defense and propagation of the faith, and for the progress of souls in Christian life and doctrine". This was so because Ignatius, its leading founder, was a nobleman who had a military background. Members of the Society of Jesus are expected to accept orders to go anywhere in the world, where they might be required to live in extreme conditions. The historic curia of Ignatius is now part of the Collegio del Gesù attached to the Church of the Gesù, the Jesuit mother church. The headquarters of the society, its General Curia, is in Rome. The Society of Jesus is consecrated under the patronage of Madonna della Strada, a title of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and it is led by a Superior General. Jesuits also give retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social ministries, and promote ecumenical dialogue. Jesuits work in education, research, and cultural pursuits. The society is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 nations. It was founded by Ignatius of Loyola and six companions with the approval of Pope Paul III in 1540. ɪ t s, ˈ dʒ ɛ z( j) u-/ Latin: Iesuitæ), is a religious order of the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu abbreviated SJ), also known as the Jesuits ( / ˈ dʒ ɛ ʒ u.
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